Iranian Calligraphy and Typography
What is distinctive about Iranian graphic design? One of the most important distinguishing features of Iranian graphic design stems from the use of a different writing system, hence a different typography. The roots of contemporary Iranian typography are to be sought in traditional calligraphy. Therefore, any exploration of the subject should start with calligraphy, which throughout Iranian history has been considered one of the most important art forms. Although the Persian writing system is closely related to the Arabic, its function in Iranian calligraphy has developed on a completely different basis since the seventeenth century AD.

The Voices of the Page; A historical overview on the developments of type design
During the Fifteenth century Johannes Gutenberg (1400–1468) revolutionized western typography with his creation of reusable lettering. Since that time, type design has been considered an important part of every art movement. Over the past six centuries there have been many technological improvements which have greatly influenced the development of type design. From the Gutenberg's moveable type to the Digital era starting in 1970s and early 80s, numerous inventions have arisen to further advance this area. This progress can be seen in the stark comparison between the time when a type designer had to cut a font for each size individually to present-day when designers can create digital scalable outlines to define the proportions of a letterform at any size.

Typography and Intercultural Exchange, Arabic-Persian and Latin Bilingual Type Design
In today’s globalized world, every field of human activity, from commerce to art and design are influenced by the division and contrast of globalization versus local traditions. As a result of this blending, intercultural exchange gains importance, while cross-cultural communication becomes an essential chapter of every design process. Of course visual communication is no exception to this phenomenon. In this field it is the task of the present designer to reinterpret local traditions in order to create contemporary work. The designer’s main concern is to understand cultural parallels and differences while counteracting the danger of transcultural homogenization.